Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for both manufacturers and consumers. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary raw materials used in sanitary pads.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a combination of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Wood Pulp

Wood pulp is a natural material derived from trees. It is highly absorbent and provides the bulk of the pad’s absorbency. The wood pulp used in sanitary pads is usually bleached to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAPs are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are often used in conjunction with wood pulp to enhance the pad’s absorbency. SAPs are crucial for preventing leakage and ensuring the pad remains dry and comfortable.

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. These fabrics are made from synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyester, which are bonded together through mechanical, thermal, or chemical processes. Nonwoven fabrics are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to wick moisture away from the skin.

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against external moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is a common material used for the back sheet. It is a lightweight, flexible, and waterproof material that effectively prevents menstrual fluid from leaking through the pad. Some back sheets may also be breathable to enhance comfort.

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary pad to the underwear. They must be strong enough to keep the pad in place but gentle enough to avoid skin irritation.

### Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are typically used in sanitary pads. These adhesives form a bond when pressure is applied, ensuring the pad stays in place during use. They are designed to be skin-friendly and easy to remove without leaving residue.

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to protect the adhesive before the pad is used. It is peeled off to expose the adhesive when the pad is ready to be applied.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper is commonly used as release paper. The silicone coating prevents the adhesive from sticking to the paper, making it easy to remove when needed.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are carefully selected to ensure optimal performance, comfort, and hygiene. From the absorbent core to the adhesive, each component plays a vital role in the overall functionality of the pad. Understanding these materials helps consumers make informed choices and appreciate the technology behind this essential personal care product.